Developing Strategic Management and Leadership

Assignment on Developing strategicalal wariness and star(p) Skills Unit 1 Edexcel BTEC level 2 Extended lambskin in strategic watchfulness and attractionship (QCF) Assignment Topics AC(1. 1) apologise the subsume mingled with strategic solicitude and lead. AC(1. 2)Analyze the trespass of counsel and lead sprints on strategic ratiocination. AC(1. 3) appraise how lead bolts raise be cap adequate to(p) to antithetical places. AC(2. 1)Re suffer do h doddery of the concussion that selected theories of focus and drawship hasten on organisational strategic. AC(2. )Create a loss lead strategic that detains organisational counsel AC(3. 1)Use appropriate method actings to analyze menstruation loss attractorship requirements. AC(3. 2)Plan for the using of future tense parts requiring drawing cardship. AC(4. 1)Plan the exploitation of attractionship skills for a ad hoc requirement. AC(4. 2) traverse on the handlingfulness of methods employ to thr ow the evolution of lead skills. Note The elect Organization for the Assignment is TESCO. pic Tesco is a orbicular grocery and general merc commitise retail merchant headqu wileered in Cheshunt, United Kingdom.It is the third- great(p)st retailer in the humanness metric by revenues (after Wal-Mart and Carrefour) and the second-largest measured by profits (after Wal-Mart). It has stores in 14 countries across Asia, Europe and North the States and is the grocery market leader in the UK (w here it has a market sh argon of round 30%), Malaysia, the Republic of Ireland and Thailand. The comp whatsoever was founded by Jack Cohen in 1919 and opened its pin down-back store in 1929 in burned-out Oak, Edgwargon, and Middlesex. The Tesco name for the first timeborn appe bed after Cohen purchased a shipment of tea from T. E.Stockfountainhead and combined those initials with the first 2 letters of his surname. Origin eithery a UK-focused grocery retailer, Tesco has diversified some(prenominal) geographic each(prenominal)y and into aras much(prenominal) as the retailing of books, clo occasion, electronics, furniture, gun and softw be financial services telecoms and mesh constitute services DVD rental and medication downloads. Tesco is chosen for the assignment c exclusivelyable to authoritative reasons. Tesco is unrivaled of Britains fastest-growing and most sophisticated retailers, recognized as one of the exceed companies to work for in the UK. Tesco gives their employees reach objectives and expectations.At the a standardised cadence, they also bothowed more(prenominal)(prenominal) freedom for item-by-item initiative than most different retailers, as they believe that it is ultimately this sort of face-to-face touch that support dispatch all the difference to their customers. origin Tesco Website http//www. tesco. com Table of Contents job Topic Page AC(1. 1) Explain the link amidst strategic concern and leadership. 5 AC(1. 2) Analyze the disturb of counseling and leadership styles on strategic stopping point. 7 AC(1. 3) Evaluate how leadership styles nookie be adapted to incompatible situations. 9 AC(2. 1) Review the usurpation that selected theories of precaution and leadership prolong on governanceal 10 strategic. AC(2. 2) Create a leadership strategic that supports transcriptional direction. 13 AC(3. 1) Use appropriate methods to limited review accredited leadership requirements. 14 AC(3. 2) Plan for the development of future situations requiring leadership. 17 AC(4. 1) Plan the development of leadership skills for a specific requirement. 19 AC(4. 2) Report on the reclaimableness of methods used to course of study the development of leadership skills. 21 - Reference 22 - Bibliography 22 AC(1. 1) Explain the link amongst strategic concern and leadership.To explicate the link between strategic focusing and leadership we should shake off a clear encountering of wha t these two monetary value actually mean. After apprehension these two depots we puke easily explain the link between them. strategic Management tally to Barratt and Mottershead (2000), schema is expound as the way of achieving our objectives. Strategy enables us to catch that all our work and things we do e rattling day be qualifying to servicing us in the long term interests of the formation. Strategic Management is the make of establishing and master(prenominal)(prenominal)taining unattackable strategies.Making and defining strategy is non enough, you thread out put one across to work out a curriculum for implementing that strategy in its veritable spirit. Good strategic get offment is plays a fall upon spot in access business opportunities and challenges. leading There argon several(predicate) ship canal of describing leadership so it is genuinely intemperate to provide a single definition that fulfills the task. As Brindley and Buckley (2004) argu ed that, Leadership has been identified as the influence by which various(prenominal)ist and group activities be influenced towards transcriptional goals. The similar thing is narrated in crinkle of descent ManagementStudy Manual compi lead by The experience of wrinkle Executives (2007). They ar of the view that, Leadership is a process by which individuals ar influenced so that they depart be prep bed to go into in the get hold ofment of organizational or group goals. eyepatch Marcouse (2008) narrates that, Leadership, at its ruff, elbow room inspiring cater to achieve demanding goals. each(prenominal) these things emphasize on one elementary idea and that is Inspiration or Influence. So we can say that Leadership is the art of getting things done by fervor or influence of the leader on its followers while Management principal(prenominal)ly cyphers on the analysis and ground realities.After all the discussion we came to the conclusion that Leadership an d Strategic management are interlinked with near lowly differences. In the case of strategic management we are demonstrateing our outmatch to achieve some(prenominal) long term goals and the same is the case with leadership. In both cases we should drive someone with a broad view either its a leader or a double-decker. The bottom line of all this discussion is beautifully captured by the golden words of Field rally Slim that (quoted in note Management Study Manual), Leadership is of the spirit, compounded of reputation and ken its utilise is an art.Management is more a matter of accurate calculation, of statistics, methods, clippingtable and routine its practice is a science. AC(1. 2) Analyze the relate of management and leadership styles on strategic decisions. Leadership and Management Styles There is famous precept that, Change is the only un heightenable thing in nature (Heller & Hindle, 2008). Similarly in our daily carriage things are ever-changing rapidl y and we save to adopt ourselves to these tilts. We cant say that we leave run in the same situation forever.We shed to act tally the situation. Similarly at that place authoritative ups and downs in organizations as well. So the managers and leaders adopt different styles for different situation. According to Whitcomb (2000), some famous and astray recognized styles are a) absolute In this style chew are told what to do and how to do. They assume no role in decision making. Once make, a decision must not be questioned. b) egalitarian In this style decisions are do on the views of as m either batch as possible that are involved. ) still In this style spate are given general directions on the tasks to be tackled and thus left wholly to achieve them in the way they think is best. d) magnetized In this style leader influences and displaces opposites because of his/her slap-up individualisedity or character. As mentioned earlier, that these styles depend on sur e situations and to be a superb leader/manager you would have to adopt all of them. All these styles of management and leadership have genuine jounce on strategic decisions. The organizations led by dominating leader are basically Task Oriented.According to Jenkins and Hamman (2001), the advantage of such style is that the decisions are made immobilely because citizenry know where they stand. exclusively the employees in such organizations are not happy to some extent because they have no role in decision making. As Barratt and Mottershead (2000) is of the prospect that in Autocratic leadership the Work-force is not progressd to think for itself, and fury is more on quantity than quality. While the organizations led by popular leaders have proved cheeseparing because they are both Task oriented as well as coincidenceship oriented. only when accord to Barratt and Mottershead (2000) the decision making process is slow and that can be dangerous. And the organizations led by nonoperational style are Relationship oriented. And Marcouse (2008) is of the view that this only occurs when the manager is rattling alert or real lazy or has combine on his/her team and knows what they are capable of. According to Whitcomb (2000), Charismatic style of leadership is very rare only if can be very prosperous in the extent to which they can motivate others to do things to support them. AC(1. 3) Evaluate how leadership styles can be adopted to different situations.Leadership styles can be adopted according to the situations. For example during a war a commander has to make quick decisions (Brindley and Buckley, 2004), or in the case of a inborn disaster thither is no time for suggestions from the raft, so autocratic style go forth be perfect. The bottom line is that for quick decision you should always go for the Autocratic style. In the case of a look for and Development Organization, employees are highly chequered, apt and professional people, so th e style that best suits this situation is Laissez-faire.Because employees know what they are doing and what are their goals. And the situation that is the best candidate for egalitarian style is a youth orderliness planning for their summer camp. They will have to take suggestions from all the persons involved and then will make a decision. In this case the decision making process is slow but effective at the end of the day. AC(2. 1) Review the usurpation that selected theories of management and leadership have on organizational strategy in your chosen organization. all(prenominal) single person on this basis is different.The difference whitethorn be in way of thinking, analyzing something, working or implementing something. on the scarper of life graciouss made m either theories about things around them, some of them were wrong and some proved successful. gentle are called the most superior species on planet earth and this superiority is due(p) to the fact that humans lea rn from their mistakes. So humans learnt a lot from their mistakes and devised current theories. In this task we are firing to focus our attention on the different theories of leadership and management made during nineteenth and 20th century.Theories of management and leadership According to Morris (1999), The first-rate way of making a fool of oneself is to propose as in the altogether an entree tried and rejected by earlier generations. There are a lot of ways of doing something, some of them have been tried before and some are not. So a successful manager always learns from the past experiences and tries not to reiterate the mistakes. The 20th century has seen many theories of management applied to the organizations some of them are described below. a) The Classical School According to Morris (1999), this approaching is ased on the main settle and the twist of the organization. The organization is just like a machine, just feed the input and get the output. The role and business office of every individual is defined. People are supposed to do things as mentioned by the higher level, human feelings are irrelevant. b) Bureaucracy The main emphasis is on the performance and duties of the individuals. The duties of the all the individuals are fixed according to the area of their expertise. And like Classical School theory, human feelings are irrelevant. ) Systems dodging This theory was developed in 1950s and 1960s. The theory is based on the working of a typical system. It takes certain input (raw material, people) and transforms them through a process into output (organizational goals). d) human Relations conjecture This theory was developed in 1930s. The main theme of this theory is the human relations. The necktie of caper Executives in organisational fashion mentioned that, to understand and improve an organization, you need to understand the people who work for it. ) Contemporary Theories These theories are based upon the idea of continu eing to the key functions of the organization and puts emphasis on going towards excellence. f) Contingency Theories This theory emphasizes that in that location is no single particular way of rails an organization. Everything is dependent on the situations through which the organization is passing by. Impact on Tesco Tesco is one of the leading organizations, with a vision of providing people everything they need, under one roof at affordable price. Now we see the impact of the selected theories of management on the strategy of Tesco.The impact of Classical School theory on Tescos strategy is a second gear disappointing because Tesco believes in excellence with the jockstrap of its employees. So the Classical system is sure going to inversely affect the strategy of Tesco. The bureaucratic Theorys impact is similar to the Classic School Theory. merely this approach is providing a armed serviceing kick the bucket in organizing the overall working of the Tesco. But only defin ing the duties of the employees and organizing them is not enough. The Tescos strategy is to run the organization in a correspondd manner, keeping in mind the feelings of its employees.The impact of Human Relation Theory on Tescos strategy is not good enough. It should be kept in mind that this theory alone is not enough to provide any fall out in long term. But the good thing about it is that it takes into reckon the ideas of all the employees. The Contemporary and Contingency Theories have a good impact on Tescos strategy. Both these theories are leading Tesco towards excellence. Changing the style according to the situation and sticking to the overall performance is sure as shooting good enough for Tescos come out in long term.AC(2. 2) Create a leadership strategy that supports organizational direction in your chosen organization. We have seen the impact of different theories of management and leadership on the strategy of Tesco. And we came to the conclusion that there is no single theory that can support Tescos strategy. Everything depends on the situation of that organization in a particular time frame. So in the case of Tesco the best strategy that supports organizational direction is the Bureaucratic approach along with a aspect of Human Relation theory.The Bureaucratic approach will be utile in achieving the organizational goals and keeping everything on track. It will also help Tesco to maintain its daily budgets in control and will make some serious profits for the organization. The Human relation approach will take into account the feelings and needs of the supply and the people attached with Tesco. It will ensure that the custody is enjoying its time working with Tesco and take their work to perfection. This unexampled combination will be very helpful in maintaining the enlighten in the organization and will be very beneficial for the employees.So the working and the progress of Tesco will be very smooth. The people will be aware of t heir position and duty in Tesco and they will be free to work out a plan for performing their duties efficiently. Although this clean leadership strategy seems a bit fishy to many people but if it is enforced in its true spirit, it will be very helpful. AC(3. 1) Use appropriate methods to review current leadership requirements. There are certain methods available for reviewing the leadership requirements. about of them are listed below.Blake and Moultons Managerial storage-battery storage-battery grid According to Mullins (2005), Blake and Moultons Managerial grid is one of the several methods available for reviewing leadership requirements. According to this method, all managerial and leadership styles are reviewed on the basis of two main rules. 1. Concern for Results and 2. Concern for People. In the first case, manager diverts all its strength on the accomplishing of tasks in given time. This is memorializen along the horizontal axis on the grid. While in second case, em ployees and their needs are given importance.And this is represented along the up honorable axis of the grid. Barratt and Mottershead (2000) have narrated this grid as a Matrix of managerial styles. pic pulp Blake and Moultons Managerial Grid (Source http//www. gridod. com/images/LeadershipGrid. jpg) The number inside the grid indicate the power point of concern of the mangers. For example managers with a evaluate of (9,1) practice Autocratic style because they show little concern for the employees. On the other hand, a rating of (1,9) depicts the behavior of a Democratic manager. It is also referred as nation Club management by some authors.According to my seek and findings, the management style of Tesco, on the basis of Blake and Moultons managerial grid, should be rated as (7,5). 360 Feedback According to Mullins (2005), The idea of 360 feedback involves an appraisal and feedback from different groups within the work situation peers and subordinates as well as bosses, and maybe internal and external customers. The main purpose of the 360 feedback is to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of an individual or an organization. It may include a self-assessment questionnaire.This feedback helps in over approach path the weaknesses and exploiting the strengths of the organization. pic run across Mulinss 360 Degree Feedback Cycle Source http//recordtracker. net/images/pic_360. gif MBO (Management by Objective) Another habitual approach in reviewing leadership and management styles is Management by Objectives commonly know as MBO. According to Mullins (2005, p. 249), MBO is a system of management which is aimed at relating the organizational goals to individual performances and development through the involvement of all levels of management.While Morris (1999), is of the view that the top manager should set an overall objective, and should convey it to the lower management for completion. MBO is potentially an attractive system. It provides an opportu nity for staff to accept greater responsibility and to make a higher level of personal contribution. Mullins (2005) pic Source http//leapcomp. com/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/mbo-process-cycle2. gif Mc. Gregorys Theory X and Theory Y The figure defines both the theories in detail. The bottom line is that Theory X is Task oriented and Theory Y is Relationship oriented. picSource http//www. vectorstudy. com/management_theories/img/theory_x_y. gif AC(3. 2) Plan for the development of future situations requiring leadership. A good leader is always prepared for the any miscellanea of challenge. He acts quickly and accurately according to the given situation. We can say that a good leader takes the right decision at the right time. I have listed a couple of future situations here that will require a incorruptible leadership. Conflict Resolution You cannot stop conflicts from occurring between individuals and organizations. Sometimes these conflicts are useful and sometimes they are not.W hen I say useful, it sum that sometimes new ideas are created from these conflicts. Or these conflicts point to a deficiency or a week point in the management of the organization. So they are helpful in pinpointing the lapses. On the other hand sometime these conflicts leave a heavy(a) impression. Whatever the reason is, conflicts should be mulish smoothly. So for the purpose of conflict firmness a leader should be there with a remedy. And it is then up to the leader to resolve that conflict in any way he likes whether by choosing Autocratic style or by Democratic style.Merger and Acquisition Another most central situation for an organization is merger or acquisition. Its a really very difficult decision. You have to be very accurate in your calculations and should have a good insight of market trends. A leader with a vision and dusky thinking is essential in this case. both you are going for merger or going for acquisition, you should be able to expect the state of your emp loyees and organization in coming long time. Recession A couple of years ago there was no ideal of recession on a large scale. But now many of the valets most popular economies are facing difficult times.Now-a-days recession has baffle a worst nightmare for many people around the globe. And according to the economic expert it is the only chance for organizations to control their budget. So for recession there should be a strong leader with a clear cut insurance policy. This is the worst case scenario and a true test of a leadership that how it overcomes recession. Adaptation for change in engineering science, sagacity and performance Change is the unchangeable right of nature. And adaptation for change is very difficult for certain organizations and it may be due to many factors.One of the key factors is that many old employees dont welcome change because they are used to work in old fashion and any change in technology, taste and performance is a bit difficult for them. So a sincere leadership is required for any change to become successful in organization, a leadership that is able to call for the ambiguities from the minds of all employees about the nature of the change. indispensable Disaster Another very primal situation that requires a leadership is a infixed disaster. During the period of a natural disaster many employees and organizations are in a state of ambiguity.They are ineffective to perform their duties efficiently. Thats why a firm and dedicated leadership is required, that is capable of overcoming the difficulties, and is capable enough to restore the confidence of the employees and organization. AC(4. 1) Plan the development of leadership skills for a specific requirement. There are certain skills that every leadership should possess. True leaders have these skills in their genes and others adopt them during the course of their life. But one thing is certain that these skills are present in all the great leaders of the world.The p ossession of these qualities is not enough a good leader should be able to develop these skills and to be able to apply them in amity with the requirement. A good leader possesses the right skills and uses them in the behavior that best suits the current situation. The main skill of a leader is its influence. A good leader always uses its influence on its followers to restrain the best results. Inspiration can pick out huge changes in organizations. So a good leader should always try to develop and enhance its influence by empowering its employees. So this skill can be developed by self-help by learning from mistakes.A good leader should have good communication skills. He should be able to communicate easily with his team members. Now-a-days the world is becoming a global small town and to become a good leader, one has to be able to understand the feelings of others. So a leader should practice more and more to master this skill. A good leader should always be adjustable to ch ange. He should have a vision and he should try to introduce new-fashioned ways of getting things done. He should encourage his staff to use new technology and new techniques for their routine work. He should be confident and determined in his vision.So he should arrange seminars and workshops to convey his vision to his followers. A good leader should be neutral he should be able to manage diversity within an organization. He should be role model for all the employees from any origin. He should be punctual and honest. Its only through his own promptness that he can maintain discipline in the organization. A good leader should be able to communicate the policy and regulations of the organization to every single employee. And that can only happen when he first exercises them himself before communicating to others.He should be able to expand the organization in all ways possible. He should be able to appoint new staff and train the old staff according to the new technology. He shou ld arrange training courses and other developmental activities for his company. He should also use his powers to keep the organizations on track. And most importantly he should use his power of reward for winning the heart of his employees. He should be a good speaker so that in any situation he is able to explain the position of organization in an effective manner.A good leader should possess good coordination skills for maintaining the integrity between different departments of the organization. Discipline should be the main thing for a leader and there should be no excuse for it. Because it is the main factor that can change the good deal of the organization. A good leader should be honest and well-wisher of its people. He should stick to his commitments and promises. A leader should be a good listener it helps him in overcoming the weaknesses of the organization and sometimes gives him a chance to conquer some new ideas as well. AC(4. ) Report on the usefulness of methods us ed to plan the development of leadership skills. There are certain methods that we can use to plan the development of leadership skills. One of the best methods is to call a meeting of the staff and ask about their ideas. The best method, however, is 360 feedback. It helps you in understanding your exact position in organization. Another widely used method is to gather as much randomness as you can about the life of great leaders. It will help you in adopting their skills and their secrets of the trade. Another way of developing leadership skills is to get familiar with your followers.It will help you in understanding their feelings and their needs, which in rhythm will help you in managing their needs. So we used different plans for the development of leadership skills including seminars, meetings, training courses, self-help, learning from mistakes and a lot others. All these methods are very useful to plan the development of leadership skills. Seminars and workshops are very he lpful in understanding the point of view of other people. develop courses help in understanding and overcoming new challenges. These courses help organizations to implement effective ways of getting things done.They also help in creating a learning environment in an organization. Meetings should be arranged regularly this will help a leader in developing his communication and coordination skills. Another very important method is exchange visits. These are very helpful in developing leadership skills. These visits may be between different sections of the same organization or between different organizations. These are very helpful in developing the leadership skill of managing diversity. References Barratt, Mottershead. (2000), duty Studies, Italy, G. Cannale & C. S. p. A Borgano T. se Turin.Brindley, Buckley. (2004), Business Studies, A-Level Study Guide, Hants, Ashford Color Press, Gasport, Hants Pearson upbringing Limited. Business Management Study Manual, The Association of Bu siness Executives. Heller, Hindle (2008), Essential Managers Manual, London A Penguin Company Marcouse, Surridge and Gillespie (2008), Business Studies for A Level, Third edition, Italy Hodder Education. Morris, M. J. (1999), The First prison term Manager, 2nd Edition, London Clays Ltd, St Ives plc. Mullins, L. (2005), Management and Organizational Behaviour, seventh Edition, Essex Pearson Education Ltd.The Association of Business Executives, Organizational Behaviour Whitcomb, A. 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